content theories include all of the following theories except:

As with nAch, nAff varies in intensity across individuals. 67. 54. In Maslow's needs hierarchy, __________ needs must be satisfied before __________ needs are activated, and __________ needs must be satisfied before __________ needs are activated, and so on. Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. action therapy h. Therapy style that results from combining elements of several different therapy techniques. Why might concentrating on motivators give better results? a) Expectations, relationships, and goals With no trains running, MTA employees are able to inspect signals, replace rails and crossties, scrape track floors, clean stations, and paint areas that are not reachable during normal train operation. The Victims' Rights Movement. e) improving hygiene factors will make people satisfied with their work. c) supervision. To achieve cleanliness, arrangement, organization, balance, neatness, tidiness, and precision. b) possible to teach people to develop need profiles required for success in different jobs She enjoys feeling a sense of belonging. d) Hygiene factors contribute to job satisfaction. c) Motivator factors involve what people actually do in their jobs. Instead, they prefer situations where the outcome is uncertain, but in which they believe they can succeed if they exert enough effort. The third of McClellands learned needs, the need for power (nPow), is the need to control things, especially other people. A high-nPow person may try to convince others to do things that are detrimental to the organization. A motive is a source of motivation; it is the need that a person is attempting to satisfy. When we are hungry, for example, our need for food has been energized. e) ERG theory, Manny has always been driven by the need to work more efficiently, solve problems, and master complex tasks. All of the following statements describe hygiene factors in the two-factor theory EXCEPT: To act for fun without further purpose. Intrinsic rewards satisfy higher-order needs like relatedness and growth in ERG theory. a) MBO b) hygiene factors are sources of job dissatisfaction. Abeka speech for every day review quiz 1 Flashcards. They represent a continuing process of self-development and self-improvement that, once satisfied on one dimension (painting), create motivation to continue on other dimensions (sculpting). The genetic theory of aging states that lifespan is largely determined by the genes we inherit. Subsistence c) affiliation a) Abraham Maslow Because when he digs a hole, he gets results. d) ERG theory provides a timeline for action, but Maslow's theory does not. 1 . e.) Inducement. b.) b. integrative. Exhibit 14.6 shows how Maslows theory relates to factors that organizations can influence. e) Motivation = expectancy + rewards + valence, a) Motivation = expectancy X instrumentality X valence, The expectancy theory of motivation predicts that a person will be motivated to work hard when __________. The uncollectible percentage is 5.5%. For example, by providing adequate pay, safe working conditions, and cohesive work groups, employers help employees satisfy their lower-order needs. The resulting frustration may make satisfying the unmet need even more important to usunless we repeatedly fail to satisfy that need. a) hygiene factors are associated with the job context or work setting. eclectic therapies d. Therapy in which the main goal is to change disordered or inappropriate behavior directly. Pump I is a small pump; Pump 2 is a larger pump that costs more, will produce slightly more oil, and will produce it more rapidly. SDT specifies when an activity will be intrinsically motivating and when it will not. Workers also took the opportunity to clean lighting fixtures, change bulbs, and repair platform edges while performing high-intensity station cleaning. Skip to document . d.) Motivator b) ERG theory includes a frustration-digression component, but Maslow's theory does not. d. goal-setting theory. Why or why not? e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. All of the following statements describe hygiene factors in the two-factor theory EXCEPT: Matching b. Verifiability c . As these needs are satisfied, our growth needs become more active. Accounting and Finance Political Theory (PLH-1) Criminal Law - II (0303) Masters of Business Administration export import (1723) Bsc Nursing (BNurs2011) Bachelors of Business Administration in Finance & Investment Analysis (BBA1) MBA (33A) Contract (140) MBA (CRIM) Bachler of art (eli) English (BCA302) Mechanical Engineering (BE MECH) Trending b) It should be consistent across different cultures. The Anti-Immigration Protests Q9 - All of the following are policy/program implications from rational theories EXCEPT: Which of the following statements about goal setting is INCORRECT? e) 40, Locke and Latham goal-setting research found that __________. Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. The Anti-Immigration Protests. Barton, Tynan. e) It holds that people who feel underpaid will reduce their work efforts to compensate for missing rewards. McClelland calls this the two faces of power.7 A personal power seeker endeavors to control others mostly for the sake of dominating them. e.) ERG, According to equity theory, __________ exists when an individual feels that he or she has received relatively less than others have received in proportion to work inputs. Otherwise, a manager high in nPow may satisfy this need through acquisition of personal power, to the detriment of the organization. Since content theories suggest that motivation results from individual needs, managers should __________. Organziational Behaviour, 7ce Chapter 4: Theories of Motivation Chapter 4 Theories of Motivation 4.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Motivation is A) a component of ability, personal traits and desire. The degree to which the rules and procedures specified by policies are properly followed in all cases to which they are applied is known as __________. Maslow believed that most people become fixated at this level. Henry A. Murray recognized this problem and condensed the list into a few instinctive and learned needs.3 Instincts, which Murray called primary needs, include physiological needs for food, water, sex (procreation), urination, and so on. d) Social d. through the insights of clinicians d Transpersonal psychology's founders include all of the following except: a. Abraham Maslow b. John Krumboltz c. Stanislav Grof. To attack, injure, or kill another. are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written b) self esteem a. On StuDocu you will find over 6300 lecture notes, summaries and assignments from LU, to help you pass your exams. d) affiliation factors d) specific goals lead to lower performance d) all three needs may not be activated at the same time A person can resolve perceived negative inequity by doing all of the following EXCEPT: c.) Expectancy Jobs that pay well and that are performed in safe, clean working conditions with adequate supervision and resources directly or indirectly satisfy these lower-order needs. a. All of the following descriptions of Maslow's needs hierarchy are correct EXCEPT: They simply dont exert as much effort in this area as high-nAff people do. To escape from a dangerous situation. SDT would suggest that the primary way to motivate high performance for such jobs is to make performance contingent on extrinsic rewards. With regards to motivation, which of the following best defines direction? e) People with a low need for achievement will also have a low need for affiliation. The distinction between instinctive and learned needs sometimes blurs; for example, is our need to socialize with other people instinctive or learned? e) Self-actualization, Which of the following needs are addressed in Alderfer's theory? an individual's choice when presented with a number of possible alternatives. When we sense that we are valuable contributors, are achieving something important, or are getting better at some skill, we like this feeling and strive to maintain it. Describe a content theory of motivation. Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: Those five human needs, in the order of prepotency in which they direct human behavior, are: Exhibit 14.5 A protester at an anti-war demonstration in Seattle held up this sign. If the MARR is 20%, which pump should be selected? High-nAch people are not motivated by tasks that are too easy or extremely difficult. They include such needs as the need for achievement, for love, and for affiliation (see Table 14.1).4. McClellands research differs from Murrays in that McClelland studied three needs in depth: the need for achievement, the need for affiliation, and the need for power (often abbreviated, in turn, as nAch, nAff, and nPow).5 McClelland believes that these three needs are learned, primarily in childhood. Theyre more likely to go bowling with friends after work than to go home and watch television. But what if Lucretia also has a need to dominate others? Previously, most organizations attended primarily to hygiene factors. According to McClelland, Joanna has a high need for _____________. e) Physiological, social, safety, self-actualization, and esteem, d) Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization, 63. identify relevant leadership behaviors. Operant Conditioning Theory Operant conditioning theory is the simplest of the motivation theories. Content theories of work motivation include all of the following except the _____ theory. reflection g. A therapy that uses secondary reinforcements to change behavior. They build empires, and they protect them. e) working longer hours. The theories then discuss motivation in terms of filling these needs. As a manager at Icon International, Nicole is driven by a personal sense of competence, respect from others, and recognition through various awards. To vindicate the ego. a) Reinforcement c) Cells share similar chemical composition. safety. c) David McClelland The StackCommerce 2023 Travel Giveaway (the "Promotion") begins at 12:00:00 AM Pacific Time ("PT") on March 1st, 2023 and ends at 11:59:00 PM PT on March 31st, 2023 (the "Promotion Period"). relation to the euro, what is the b) satisfier factors Maslow's social needs tend to be more important in more collectivist societies like Mexico, thereby challenging the structured approach to the pyramid across cultures. Murrays main premise was that people have a variety of needs, but only a few are expressed at a given time. e) Esteem, Sharon, a member of a book club, a sewing club, and a tennis club strives to maintain strong interpersonal relationships. Leadership theory classifications include all of the following EXCEPT: a. behavioral. ______ needs tend to take on higher importance in collectivist societies. b) instrumentalities esteem, social, and e) subconscious goals and conscious goals are not linked, a) difficult goals lead to higher performance than "do your best" or easy goals, ________ conducted research on subconscious goal motivation. To speculate, formulate, analyze, and generalize. The task is enjoyable, so we continue to do it even in the absence of extrinsic rewards. b) instrumentalities e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. Companies benefit from reduced waste and increased employee engagement. According to this perspective, the manager's job is to identify what people need and then to make sure that the work environment becomes a means of satisfying these needs. Hygienes can cause dissatisfaction if they are not present in sufficient levels. . ERG also focuses attention explicitly on movement through the set of needs in both directions. To like to laugh and make jokes. b) Task feedback, or knowledge of results, is likely to motivate people toward higher performance by encouraging the setting of higher performance goals. Employees high in nAff should be placed in jobs that require or allow interactions with other employees. d) The theory links motivation and needs to both satisfaction and performance. To be interested in theory. c. reorganizing experience. Once satisfied, employees will be motivated to build esteem and respect through their work achievements. Equity e) relatedness. b. c) Motivation = expectancy + equity + rewards consent of Rice University. Bitcoin or net neutrality, sea levels or factory farmingsocial causes bind us to a larger context or assume a higher purpose for living better. To master, manipulate, or organize physical objects, human beings, or ideas. Some people like to knit, others like to carve wood. a) not possible to teach people to develop need profiles required for success in different jobs Research indicates that general goals are much more motivational than specific goals. Herzbergs theory even allows for the possibility that an employee can be satisfied and dissatisfied at the same timethe I love my job but I hate the pay situation! c) ERG theory contends that more than one need may be activated at a particular point in time, whereas Maslow's theory does not. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. Except where otherwise noted, textbooks on this site When nAch is being expressed, making it a manifest need, people try hard to succeed at whatever task theyre doing. Murray studied many different needs, but very few in any detail. e) Higher and lower-order needs become less important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. Further, the evidence accumulated provided only partial support. A common perception about people who perform unskilled jobs is that they are unmotivated and content doing what they are doing. a) power. Launched in 2013, Bombas is the brain child of Randy Goldberg and David Heath. Strengthening flexible lines of defense According to Rogers' theory "continuous and mutual interaction between man and environment' is termed as: Integrality Which is NOT a concept related to Faye Abdellah's theory? a) The theory may be method bound. In fact, around the 1920s, some 6,000 human needs had been identified by behavioral scientists! a) work itself. Which of the following is the correct order of Maslow's needs from the lowest (lower-order need) to the highest (higher-order need)? According to the two-factor theory of motivation, all of the following are sources of job dissatisfaction EXCEPT: Organizational behavior researchers often classify motivation in terms of what stimulates it. e) ERG, 68. e) expectancy or instrumentality or valence equals zero, d) expectancy, instrumentality, and valence are all high, According to expectancy theory, managers can influence workers' __________ by clarifying performance-reward relationships and confirming these relationships when rewards are actually given for performance accomplishments. Which of the following theory has used "General Systems Theory" as a framework for its development? It reflects a motivation to influence and be responsible for other people. 4. c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. To feed, help, support, console, protect, comfort, nurse, heal. 30. According to Maslow, lower-level needs must be satisfied before high-level needs can be achieved. Rays sold $3,745,060 of merchandise, of which 50% was on credit. Once satisfied, challenging jobs, additional responsibilities, and prestigious job titles can help employees satisfy higher-order esteem needs. cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)b. b) Stajkovic, Locke, and Blair 61. c) Motivation = expectancy + equity + rewards List of Organizational Behaviour Multiple Choice Questions with Answers: Q1. To master or make up for a failure by restriving. Motivator factors involve our long-term need to pursue psychological growth (much like Maslows esteem and self-actualization needs). a) hygiene factors are associated with the job context or work setting. Content theories of motivation mainly focus on the physiological and psychological deficiencies that people feel a compulsion to reduce or eliminate. Q9 - Rational choice theories developed in the midst of social events that included all of the following EXCEPT: The Drug War. Find the amount of interest that could be earned in a savings account and a certificate of deposit account. To excite, amaze, fascinate, entertain, shock, intrigue, amuse, or entice others. existence The cell theory includes all of the following EXCEPT: a) All living things are composed of cells. Question 13 0 / 1 pts Content theories tend to: None of these Type: MC You Answered emphasize whether persistence will prevail provide a reasonable balance of direction and intensity focus on the intensity portion of motivation Correct Answer emphasize the direction component of motivation b) valence b) perceived positive inequity Do we need to talk or be silent? b) It fails to help explain any cross-cultural management situations. Needs must be maintained (we must continue to eat occasionally). SDT researchers have consistently found that as the level of extrinsic rewards increases, the amount of intrinsic motivation decreases. a) the length of time a person sticks with a given action. c) ERG theory contends that more than one need may be activated at a particular point in time, whereas Maslow's theory does not. 57. e) ERG theory focuses on the consequences of an individual's behavior, whereas Maslow's theory does not. SDT takes the concepts of extrinsic rewards and intrinsic motivation further than the other need theories. b) instrumentality Maslow condensed human needs into a manageable set. are licensed under a, Major Characteristics of the Manager's Job, How the Brain Processes Information to Make Decisions: Reflective and Reactive Systems, Administrative and Bureaucratic Management, External and Internal Organizational Environments and Corporate Culture, The Internal Organization and External Environments, Organizing for Change in the 21st Century, Ethics, Corporate Responsibility, and Sustainability, Dimensions of Ethics: The Individual Level, Ethical Principles and Responsible Decision-Making, Leadership: Ethics at the Organizational Level, Ethics, Corporate Culture, and Compliance, Emerging Trends in Ethics, CSR, and Compliance, Cultural Stereotyping and Social Institutions, Characteristics of Successful Entrepreneurs, Trends in Entrepreneurship and Small-Business Ownership, Strategic Analysis: Understanding a Firms Competitive Environment, Gaining Advantages by Understanding the Competitive Environment, A Firm's External Macro Environment: PESTEL, A Firm's Micro Environment: Porter's Five Forces, Competition, Strategy, and Competitive Advantage, The Strategic Management Process: Achieving and Sustaining Competitive Advantage, The Role of Strategic Analysis in Formulating a Strategy, Strategic Objectives and Levels of Strategy, Planning Firm Actions to Implement Strategies, Measuring and Evaluating Strategic Performance, An Introduction to Human Resource Management, Influencing Employee Performance and Motivation, Talent Development and Succession Planning, Benefits and Challenges of Workplace Diversity, Situational (Contingency) Approaches to Leadership, Substitutes for and Neutralizers of Leadership, Transformational, Visionary, and Charismatic Leadership, Opportunities and Challenges to Team Building, Factors Affecting Communications and the Roles of Managers, Managerial Communication and Corporate Reputation, The Major Channels of Management Communication Are Talking, Listening, Reading, and Writing, Formal Organizational Planning in Practice, Management by Objectives: A Planning and Control Technique, The Control- and Involvement-Oriented Approaches to Planning and Controlling, MTIIts Importance Now and In the Future, External Sources of Technology and Innovation, Internal Sources of Technology and Innovation, Management Entrepreneurship Skills for Technology and Innovation, Managing Now for Future Technology and Innovation, The New York City Metropolitan Transit Authority undertook a new approach to how they perform critical inspection and maintenance of subway components that are necessary to providing reliable service. High-nAff people like to be around other people, including other people at work. Most counseling theories have been developed: a. in a scientific laboratory. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. Do you think social responsibility to promote sustainable practices? Earrings Depot records bad debt using the allowance, balance sheet method. Thus, an employee can be dissatisfied with low pay. These factors are so frequently associated with dissatisfaction that Herzberg claims they never really provide satisfaction. A. Susternal Care Needs B. c.) An individual's choice when presented with a number of possible alternatives. b) the amount of effort a person puts forth. But, once those esteem needs are satisfied, Maslow predicted that self-actualization needs would dominate. d) power Once those needs have been satisfied, the next level, social needs, become energized. As you would expect, high-nAff people are very sociable. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. c) Esteem 48. You may have noticed that content theories are somewhat quiet about what determines the intensity of motivation. e) inducements. a) research evidence suggests that the needs in Maslow's hierarchy exist in a flexible rather than rigid order. social, esteem, and self-actualization. The general strategy for the practical application of situational theories includes all of the following except? In the context of motivation, persistence refers to __________. b) Equity, reinforcers, and goals The group-level approach is generally superior to the individual-level approach in assessing leader effectiveness. To make an impression. Understand the contributions that Murray, McClelland, Maslow, Alderfer, and Herzberg made toward an understanding of human motivation. To seek enjoyable relaxation from stress. b. providing a value system. b) The theory has been scientifically verified with methods other than the original. psychopharmacology j. To better understand the nAch motive, its helpful to describe high-nAch people. Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. Organizations have held this out as a chief motivator for decades!) The possibilities are endless. Pattern B. Rhythmicity C. Dependency D. Open system Answer Key 3. The second set of needs he termed hygienes. Hygienes relate to the work environment and are based in the basic human need to avoid pain. According to Herzberg, growth needs motivate us to perform well and, when these needs are met, lead to the experience of satisfaction. One major implication of Herzbergs motivator-hygiene theory is the somewhat counterintuitive idea that managers should focus more on motivators than on hygienes. Manny is classified as driven by a need for: Four componentssatisfaction progression, frustration, frustration regression, and aspirationare key to understanding Alderfers ERG theory. The two main psychological developmental theories include continuous and discontinuous development. McClelland has argued that the high need for social power is the most important motivator for successful managers. b) organizational policies and administration. Because of Herzbergs work, organizations today realize the potential of motivators. a. You probably know a few of them. c) Its essence is that perceived inequity is a motivating state. First, managers should address the hygiene factors. Why? c) Higher-order needs become more important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. a) What may seem fair and equitable to a team leader might be perceived as unfair and inequitable by a team member after comparisons are made with other team members. c) valence is high and expectancy and instrumentality are low The theory posits that to maximize employee motivation, employers must try to guide workers to the upper parts of the hierarchy. 61. Leadership theory classifications include all of the following EXCEPT: contingency. According to McClelland, Joanna has a high need for _____________. b) Cells pass on genetic material to daughter cells during cell division. Give examples. b. ERG theory. Maslows theory is still popular among practicing managers. b) Feelings of inequity are determined solely by the individual's interpretation of the situation. Satisfaction and dissatisfaction are on different scales in his view. c) performance is higher with easy goals b) improved working conditions a) achievement Other companies have made social responsibility an everyday part of what they do. a) The multiplier effect is still in question. The nAff has important implications for organizational behavior. c) hygiene factors involve the work setting or the environment in which people work. b) Equity liaison The more we grow, the more we want to grow. How? According to Alderfer, which needs reflect a desire for satisfying interpersonal relationships? exports to Europe? d) Social and esteem Alderfers model is potentially more useful than Maslows in that it doesnt create false motivational categories. a) expectancies To accept injury, blame, criticism, punishment. e) Physiological. They want others to respond to their wishes whether or not it is good for the organization. Those are the needs at the bottom of the pyramid (physiological, safety, and security). a) the length of time a person sticks with a given action b) Hierarchy of needs theory It is critical, however, that those managerial jobs allow the employee to satisfy the nPow through social power acquisition. (Credit: Stefan Chow/ flickr/ Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)), https://openstax.org/books/principles-management/pages/1-introduction, https://openstax.org/books/principles-management/pages/14-2-content-theories-of-motivation, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. That means giving them opportunities to learn new skills, to perform their jobs without interference, and to develop meaningful relationships with other customers and employees in other departments. Individual therapy meets the standard of best practices when it includes all of the following EXCEPT. d) Felt positive inequity The implications of Maslows theory for organizational behavior are as much conceptual as they are practical. One of your authors has a father-in-law who would much rather spend his weekends digging holes (for various home projects) than going fishing. One wonders if athletes like Tim Tebow are self-actualizing when they participate in multiple sporting endeavors at the professional level. 2017. Giving Back. https://bombas.com/pages/giving-back, Knowledge @ Wharton. Theyre constantly trying to accomplish something. Concept related to Betty Neuman's System Model of Nursing is: A. a) opportunity for advancement. e) Esteem, relationships, and growth, 64. d.) self-actualization integrative. Self-determination theory (SDT) seeks to explain not only what causes motivation, but also how extrinsic rewards affect intrinsic motivation.17 In SDT, extrinsic motivation refers to the performance of an activity in order to attain some valued outcome, while intrinsic motivation refers to performing an activity for the inherent satisfaction of the activity itself.